Lecture 3.5 Competencies and Study Guide
Cancer
Vocabulary
- Metastasis
- Carcinoma
- Ipsilateral
- Contralateral
- Primary tumor
- Secondary tumor
Competencies
- Explain the properties that make a tumor malignant (cancer).
- Explain what it means for a tumor to be invasive.
- Describe the process of metastasis in cancer.
- Describe at least 2 of the hallmarks of cancer presented by Hanahan and Weinberg (2000).
- Explain the 2 major signaling concepts–proliferative signals and proliferation suppressors–that control how and when healthy cells exit G0 and reenter G1.
- Describe in detail the type of mutation and its consequences in the child described with retinoblastoma. (Note: this is a classic case that helped determine the role of inherited mutations in cancer.)
- Describe the cytogenetic location of the RB1 gene.
- Describe the function of the pRB protein in molecular detail–how is it related to E2F?
- Explain how a single mutation in the RB1 gene that inactivates the pRB protein is related to the cause of cancer.